capitals. Therefore, under his ruling, mass construction commenced in Madrid, including the building of the new royal palace (including the Royal Palace of Madrid).
During the Spanish Civil War (1936 - 1939), Madrid was one of the cities which were seriously affected, and even the streets of Madrid turned to a battlefield. During the Civil War, Madrid was the first city where the civilians were the main target of the bombs. During the time of Franco’s dictatorship, and especially after the 1960s, the south of Madrid became quite industrialized and a large number of people moved from the countryside to the city. The southeast of Madrid turned to a large slum and an active base of culture and a government institute. Since the prosperous time of Spain’s 1980s, compared with other cities on the Iberian Peninsula, the capital of Madrid fortified its position as the leader of economy, culture, industry, education and science of Spain.